These Java™ applets will calculate Z-scores and percentiles based on age and sex for certain body composition parameters. Input values should come from DXA instruments made by the Lunar^® or Hologic^® corporations.

Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Available sites are: lumbar spine, femoral neck, greater trochanter, and whole body.

Bone Mineral Content (BMC)
Available for whole body only at present. This is the enhanced version of the calculator, incorporating age, race, gender, and ethnicity in the calculations.

Any publication using data generated by these programs should cite this web site in its References section.

Note: These applications are written in Java™, version 1.3. You may be prompted to download and install the appropriate Java plug-in if it is not already on your system. If you do need the plug in, you may find it easier to install if you access this page via Microsoft's Internet Explorer, which guides you through the process fairly easily.

To cite this source:

Ellis KJ, Shypailo RJ (2001) Body Composition Comparison Data for Children. Retrieved from the Baylor College of Medicine, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Body Composition Laboratory Web Site:
http://www.bcm.edu/bodycomplab/Applications/zscrmainpage.htm

References:

Data generated by the Body Composition Laboratory at the Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Supporting publications:

DeSchepper J, Derde MP, Van den Broeck M, Piepsz A, Jonckheer MH. Normative data for lumbar spine bone mineral content in children: influence of age, height, weight, and pubertal stage. J Nucl Med 1991;32:216-220.

Ellis KJ, Shypailo RJ, Hardin DS, Perez MD, Motil KJ, Wong WW, Abrams SA. Z score prediction model for assessment of bone mineral content in pediatric diseases. J Bone Miner Res 2001;16(9):1658-1664.

Faulkner RA, Bailey DA, Drinkwater DT, Wilkinson AA, Houston CS, McKay HA. Regional and total body bone mineral content, bone mineral density, and total body tissue composition in children 8-16 years of age. Calcif Tissue Int 1993;53:7-12.

Geusens P, Cantatore F, Nijs J, Proesmans W, Emma F, Dequecker J. Heterogeneity of growth of bone in children at the spine, radius, and total skeleton. Growth, Dev Aging 1991;55:249-256.

Lu PW, Howman-Giles R, Briody J, Morley K, Humphrie I, Allen J, Cowell CT, Sillence D. Bone mineral density of total body, spine, and femoral neck in normal children. J Bone Miner Res 1992;7(Sup 1):S258.

McCormick DP, Ponder SW, Fawcett HD, Palmer JL. Spinal bone mineral density in 335 normal and obese children and adolescents: evidence for ethnic and sex differences. J Bone Miner Res 1991;6:507-513.

Ponder SW, McCormick DP, Fawcett HD, Palmer JL, McKernan MG, Brouhard BH. Spinal bone mineral density in children aged 5.00 through 11.99 years. Am J Dis Child 1990;144:1346-1348.

van der Sluis IM, de Ridder MA, Boot AM, Krenning EP, de Muinck Keizer-Schrama SM. Reference data for bone density and body composition measured with dual energy x ray absorptiometry in white children and young adults. Arch Dis Child 2002;87:341-347.

Southard RN, Morris JD, Mahan JD, Hayes JR, Torch MA, Sommer A, Zipf WB. Bone mass in healthy children: measurement with quantitative DXA. Radiology 1991;179:735-738.