Golden Rice could reduce vitamin A deficiency
By Dipali Pathak
Golden Rice – developed in the early 1990s with a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation – could help reduce vitamin A deficiency in the developing world, said researchers from Baylor College of Medicine and Tufts University in a recent report in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition,
Golden Rice contains 35 micrograms of beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, per gram.
Four units of beta-carotene equals one unit of vitamin A. "We found that four units of beta-carotene from Golden Rice convert to one unit of vitamin A in humans," said Michael Grusak, Ph.D., associate professor of pediatrics at the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center at BCM and Texas Children's Hospital.
In their research, they fed five healthy adults a diet containing a specific amount of specially-labeled Golden Rice and measured the amount of retinol, a form of vitamin A, in the blood.
Deficiency scourge of Third World
Vitamin A deficiency is prevalent in many parts of the world where poorer community members rely on rice as their major food source. People who lack adequate amounts of this vitamin can have vision problems or even blindness as a result.
"By incorporating vitamin A into the major crop that is consumed, we would be able to make it accessible to the majority of people in the area," said Grusak.
Additional research is necessary before Golden Rice is made commercially available. The next steps of the research include incorporating this technology into the rice grains found in various regions and continuing testing the conversion rates in humans.
Others who participated in this study include Guangwen Tang, Jian Qin, Gregory G. Dolnikowski and Robert M Russell, all of the Jean Mayer US Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University.
Funding for this study came from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, a part of the National Institutes of Health.
